Origin
Unggai District, Papua New Guinea
Coffee has been grown commercially in Papua New Guinea since the late 1920s, when plantations were established using seed from Jamaica's Blue Mountain Typica, and the crop spread into the highlands and expanded rapidly through the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s. Although it began as a plantation crop, coffee is now overwhelmingly a smallholder crop, with small farmers producing more than 85% of the national harvest and hundreds of thousands of families relying on it as a cash income.
Around 90% of production comes from the highland provinces, and the Eastern Highlands, centred on the market and milling town of Goroka, is one of the two largest producing provinces along with the Western Highlands. High altitude, an equatorial climate and fertile volcanic soils give excellent specialty potential, although steep terrain and limited roads make transporting cherry and parchment a constant challenge. Most coffee is washed, and much of it is grown under shade in garden plots with little or no chemical input. The Unggai District, just south of Goroka, is typical of this landscape, with smallholders tending old Typica, Bourbon and Arusha trees at elevations close to 2,000 metres.